Grammar

• Unlike English, French distinguishes between Masculine and Feminine nouns
• Masculine nouns are preceded by Le (the) or Un (a/an)
• Feminine nouns are preceded by La (the) or Une (a/an)
• Plural nouns regardless of gender are preceded by Les or Des

• Like English, French also has a plural -s suffix.
  French also has -x and -aux plural suffixes.
• Generally to pluralise a noun you should add -s.
  Example:
  le billet - les billets (the ticket - the tickets)
• Nouns that end with -au/-eau, -eu and -ou in should be pluralised with -x. Although there are several exceptions.
  Example:
  un château - des châteaux (a castle - castles)
  un cheveu - des cheveux (a hair - hairs)
  un genou - un genoux (a knee - knees)
  
• Nouns that end with -al and -ail should be pluralised with -aux. Although there are several exceptions.
  Example:
  uun journal - des journaux (a newspaper - newspapers)
  un vitrail - des vitraux (a stained-glass window - stained-glass windows)
  

• French Infinitive Verbs come in 3 forms
• -er verbs
  Example: Parler (to speak)
• -ir verbs
  Example: Finir (to finish)
• -re verbs
  Example: Prendre (to take)

• 3 Steps to conjugate any French verb
  (except verbs that use auxiliary verbs to be conjugated)
• 1. Take any verb in the infinitive form
  Example: Parler (to speak)
• 2. Remove the infinitive ending (-er, -ir, or -re) leaving you with the verb stem
  Example: Parler => Parl-
• 3. Add the matching ending for that subject to the verb stem
  Example: 1^st person singular Je (I)
  Parl- => Parl + e
  Je parle (I speak)
• See below for specific conjugation rules

• 3 Steps to conjugate any French verb that uses auxiliary verbs to be conjugated eg: passé composé
• 1. Take any verb in the infinitive form
  Example: Parler (to speak)
• 2. Remove the infinitive ending (-er, -ir, or -re) and Add the past participle ending
  Example: Parler => Parl-
  Past participle ending for -er verbs = é
  Past participle = Parl + é
• 3. Add the matching auxiliary for that subject before past participle
  Example:
  Auxiliary for 1^st person singular Je (I) = ai
  J'ai parlé (I spoke)
• See below for specific conjugation rules

• Les Modes et Temps (Moods and Tenses)
  French has 4 Modes that contain tenses
• l'indicatif (The indicative mood)
  Tenses:
  le présent (the present), l'imparfait (past progressive), le passé composé (simple past), le futur simple ('will' future) and le futur proche ('going to' future).
• le subjonctif (The subjunctive mood)
  This moood is similar to a tense in the sense that it has it's own conjugation rules. It is used in clauses that usually start with que to express a possibility, hypothesis, wish, doubt or uncertainty.
  
• le conditionnel (The conditional mood)
  Tenses:
  conditionnel présent (conditional present) and conditionnel passé (conditional past)
• l'impératif (The imperative mood)
  Tenses:
  impératif présent (imperative present) and impératif passé (imperative past)
• Note that there are several details about the moods and tenses which I have not included here. For our purposes we will only focus on a few tenses such as the le présent (the present), le passé composé (simple past) and le futur proche ('going to' future).

Now that you know you know all about verbs, it's time to test what you've learned

Optional: If you want you could take a look at this useful video on verbs